The Lordship of Salona, after 1318 the County of Salona, was a

Crusader state The Crusader States, also known as Outremer, were four Catholic realms in the Middle East that lasted from 1098 to 1291. These feudal polities were created by the Latin Catholic leaders of the First Crusade through conquest and political int ...

established after the

Fourth Crusade The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III. The stated intent of the expedition was to recapture the Muslim-controlled city of Jerusalem, by first defeating the powerful Egyptian Ayyubid S ...

(1204) in

Central Greece Continental Greece ( el, Στερεά Ελλάδα, Stereá Elláda; formerly , ''Chérsos Ellás''), colloquially known as Roúmeli (Ρούμελη), is a traditional geographic region of Greece. In English, the area is usually called Central ...

, around the town of Salona (modern

Amfissa Amfissa ( el, Άμφισσα , also mentioned in classical sources as Amphissa) is a town in Phocis, Greece, part of the municipality of Delphi, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 315.174 km2. It l ...

, known in French as ''La Sole'' and

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

as ''La Sola'').

History

The first lord of Salona,

Thomas I d'Autremencourt Thomas I d'Autremencourt, commonly misspelled de Stromoncourt, was the first Lord of Salona (modern Amfissa) in Central Greece. A knight from Autremencourt in Picardy, he was given Salona as a fief by Boniface of Montferrat, King of Thessalonica, i ...

(or de Stromoncourt), was named by

Boniface of Montferrat Boniface I, usually known as Boniface of Montferrat ( it, Bonifacio del Monferrato, link=no; el, Βονιφάτιος Μομφερρατικός, ''Vonifatios Momferratikos'') (c. 1150 – 4 September 1207), was the ninth Marquis of Montferrat ( ...

, the

King of Thessalonica The King of Thessalonica was the ruler of the Kingdom of Thessalonica, one of the crusader states founded in Greece in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade (1202–1204). The King of Thessalonica was not an independent ruler; the Kingdom of Thess ...

, in 1205. After the fall of the Thessalonica to the forces of

Epirus sq, Epiri rup, Epiru , native_name_lang = , settlement_type = Historical region , image_map = Epirus antiquus tabula.jpg , map_alt = , map_caption = Map of ancient Epirus by Heinrich ...

, and a short-lived Epirote occupation in c. 1210–1212, Salona became a vassal of the

Principality of Achaea The Principality of Achaea () or Principality of Morea was one of the three vassal states of the Latin Empire, which replaced the Byzantine Empire after the capture of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade. It became a vassal of the Kingdom o ...

, but later came under increasing dependency from the

Duchy of Athens The Duchy of Athens (Greek: Δουκᾶτον Ἀθηνῶν, ''Doukaton Athinon''; Catalan: ''Ducat d'Atenes'') was one of the Crusader states set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during the Fourth Crusade as part of the ...

. In 1318, the lordship came under the rule of the

Catalan Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...

Fadrique family, the leader of the

Catalan Company The Catalan Company or the Great Catalan Company (Spanish: ''Compañía Catalana'', Catalan: ''Gran Companyia Catalana'', Latin: ''Exercitus francorum'', ''Societas exercitus catalanorum'', ''Societas cathalanorum'', ''Magna Societas Catalanorum' ...

, who claimed the title of

Count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...

of Salona. Among the eighteen Catalan vassals of the area in 1380-1 the

Count of Salona The Lordship of Salona, after 1318 the County of Salona, was a Crusader state established after the Fourth Crusade (1204) in Central Greece, around the town of Salona (modern Amfissa, known in French as ''La Sole'' and Italian as ''La Sola''). ...

ranks first above Count

Demitre Demitre was an Albanian count in the Catalan dominions in late-14th-century Thessaly, during the Frankokratia. Mentioned as ''de Mitre'' and ''lo comte Mitra'' (a corruption of Dimitri/Demetriusthe name was originally interpreted as "count of Demet ...

and the

Margrave of Bodonitsa The margraviate or marquisate of Bodonitsa (also Vodonitsa or Boudonitza; el, Μαρκιωνία/Μαρκιζᾶτον τῆς Βοδονίτσας), today Mendenitsa, Phthiotis (180 km northwest of Athens), was a Frankish state in Greece fo ...

. Due to the unpopularity of the Dowager Countess

Helena Asanina Kantakouzene Helena Asanina Kantakouzene (died after 1394) was regent of the Lordship of Salona in Frankish Greece from 1382 until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in 1394 on behalf of her daughter Maria Fadrique. Life Helena was one of the younger daughter ...

, in 1394, the town opened its gates to the Ottoman sultan

Bayezid I Bayezid I ( ota, بايزيد اول, tr, I. Bayezid), also known as Bayezid the Thunderbolt ( ota, link=no, یلدیرم بايزيد, tr, Yıldırım Bayezid, link=no; – 8 March 1403) was the Ottoman Sultan from 1389 to 1402. He adopted ...

. It fell for a short time into the hands of the

Despotate of the Morea The Despotate of the Morea ( el, Δεσποτᾶτον τοῦ Μορέως) or Despotate of Mystras ( el, Δεσποτᾶτον τοῦ Μυστρᾶ) was a province of the Byzantine Empire which existed between the mid-14th and mid-15th centu ...

c. 1402. The Despot

Theodore I Palaiologos Theodore I Palaiologos (or Palaeologus) ( el, Θεόδωρος Α΄ Παλαιολόγος, translit=Theodōros I Palaiologos) (c. 1355 – 24 June 1407) was despot (''despotēs'') in the Morea from 1383 until his death on 24 June 1407. A son of Em ...

sold Salona to the

Knights Hospitaller The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic Church, Catholic Military ord ...

in 1404, but it fell again to the Ottomans in 1410.

Rulers

;d'Autremencourt/de Stromoncourt family *

(r. 1205–1210) *

Thomas II d'Autremencourt Thomas II d'Autremencourt, commonly misspelled de Stromoncourt, was the second Lord of Salona (modern Amfissa) in Central Greece from 1215 to 1258 and vassal of the Principality of Achaea. He was the son of Thomas I d'Autremencourt, the first Lord ...

(r. 1212–1258), son of Thomas I * William d'Autremencourt (r. 1258–1294), son of Thomas II *

Thomas III d'Autremencourt Thomas III d'Autremencourt or de Stromoncourt (died 15 March 1311) was the fourth Lord of Salona (modern Amfissa) in Central Greece, and the last of his family. He ruled his domain from 1294 until his death in the Battle of the Cephissus against th ...

(r. 1294–1311), son of William, killed at the

Battle of the Cephissus The Battle of Halmyros, known by earlier scholars as the Battle of the Cephissus or Battle of Orchomenos, was fought on 15 March 1311, between the forces of the Frankish Duchy of Athens and its vassals under Walter of Brienne against the mer ...

;Catalan Conquest * Roger Deslaur (r. 1311–1318) *

Alfonso Fadrique Don Alfonso Fadrique ( en, Alfonso Frederick; ca, N'Anfós Frederic d'Aragó; died 1338) was the eldest and illegitimate son of Frederick II of Sicily. He served as vicar generalHe is referred to with the magniloquent title ''magnificus dominus, ...

(r. 1318–1338) * Peter Fadrique (r. 1338–1350/55), eldest son of Alfonso * James Fadrique (r. c. 1355–1366), second son of Alfonso *

Boniface Fadrique Boniface Fadrique was a Catalan nobleman active in Central Greece as lord of Karystos from 1359 until 1365 and then as Count of Salona and owner of various other fiefs in the Duchy of Athens from 1366 until his defeat in a conflict with his nephew ...

(r. 1366–c. 1375), brother of James *

Louis Fadrique Louis Fadrique (also ''Luis'' or ''Lluís Frederic d'Aragó''; died 1382) a Catalan nobleman who was Count of Salona, as well as lord of various other towns in Central Greece from ca. 1365 until his death in 1382. In 1375–1381 he also served as ...

(r. c. 1375–1380/81), son of James ;Navarrese Conquest (1380) * Maria Fadrique (r. 1382–1394), daughter of Louis, under the regency of her mother,

; First Ottoman conquest (1394 – c. 1402) ; Byzantine Moreot conquest (1402–1404) ; Knights Hospitaller (1404–1410) ; Second Ottoman conquest (1410)

References

Sources

* * * * {{coord missing, Greece 1205 establishments in Europe Principality of Achaea

Salona Salona ( grc, Σάλωνα) was an ancient city and the capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia. Salona is located in the modern town of Solin, next to Split, in Croatia. Salona was founded in the 3rd century BC and was mostly destroyed in t ...

Duchy of Athens Knights Hospitaller States and territories disestablished in the 1410s Former principalities

History

Rulers

See also

References

Sources